RESUMO Este estudo avaliou as correlações de diferentes características de mudas, no viveiro, de três clones híbridos de Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla e o crescimento em altura após o plantio. A característica que apresentou maior correlação com o crescimento inicial foi a relação entre o comprimento da copa e a altura da muda. Aos 12 e 24 meses no campo, o diâmetro do caule foi mais importante. Os parâmetros avaliados no viveiro que se correlacionaram positivamente com o crescimento no campo aos três e seis meses após o plantio foram altura, número de pares de folhas, número de deformações radiculares e comprimento de torrão. Aos 12 e 24 meses os parâmetros que se correlacionaram negativamente foram diâmetro, número de pares de folhas e número de deformações radiculares. Apesar de apresentar correlação significativa, as deformações das raízes não interferiram no crescimento inicial das plantas sob condições de alta pluviosidade, mas os efeitos se tornaram prejudiciais ao longo do tempo, resultando em uma redução no crescimento das plantas.

ABSTRACT This study assessed correlations of different characteristics of cuttings in the nursery of three hybrid clones of Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla and growth in height after planting. The characteristic that presented greatest correlation with the initial growth was the canopy height and cutting height ratio. At 12 and 24 months in the field, the stem diameter was more important. The parameters assessed in the nursery that correlated positively with growth in the field at three and six months after planting were height, number of leaf pairs, number of root deformations and clod length. At 12 and 24 months the parameters that correlated negatively were diameter, number of leaf pairs and the number of root deformations. Despite presenting significant correlation, root deformations did not interfere in the initial growth of the plants under high rainfall conditions, but the effects became harmful over time resulting in a reduction in plant growth.

RESUMO O presente trabalho objetivou identificar as principais variáveis afetadas por fatores naturais e, ou, antrópicos, que influenciam a qualidade da água superficial em microbacias hidrográficas, manejadas para produção de madeira de eucalipto. A qualidade da água foi monitorada em quatro microbacias localizadas no município de Aracruz, norte do ES, Brasil. Para tanto, analisaram-se as características físicas e químicas, bem como a potencial presença na água de agrotóxicos utilizados no manejo florestal. As coletas foram realizadas após as atividades silviculturais e/ou ocorrência de chuvas entre os meses de janeiro e junho de 2012. Foram utilizadas técnicas de componentes principais e análise fatorial para determinar as variáveis mais sensíveis e correlacionadas com as atividades silviculturais e com as condições edafoclimáticas das microbacias. De forma geral, 4 componentes explicaram 73,1% da variância total. Os componentes foram correlacionados com as variáveis analisadas e definidos como fatores: mineral, sólido, acidez e pedológico. Estes fatores explicaram 31,6; 18,5; 15,6; e 7,4% da variância total dos dados e estão diretamente relacionados com a salinidade, a presença de sólidos suspensos, a acidez e o teor de carbono inorgânico do solo, respectivamente. Não foi observada presença dos agrotóxicos sulfluramida (inseticida) e glifosato (herbicida) em todas as avaliações realizadas. Em geral, é possível reduzir de 30 para 12 as variáveis que devem ser monitoradas para predição da qualidade da água, mantendo pelo menos 70% da precisão das estimativas.

ABSTRACT This work aimed to identify the main variables affected by natural factors and, or anthropic, which influence the quality of surface water in watersheds, managed for eucalyptus wood production. Water quality was monitored in four watersheds located in Aracruz, northern ES state, Brazil. The physical and chemical characteristics of the water and the potential presence of pesticides used in forest management were evaluated. Samples were collected after the silvicultural activities and, or, rainfall between the months of January to June 2012. Principal component and factor analysis techniques were used to determine the water variables most sensitive and correlated with forestry activities, soil and climatic conditions of the study watersheds. It was possible to obtain four components that explained 73.1% of the total variance. The components were correlated with the variables and defined as factors mineral, solid, acidity, and pedological. These factors explained 31.6; 18.5; 15.6; and 7.4% of the total variance of the data which are directly related to salinity, the presence of suspended solids, acidity and the inorganic carbon content of the soil, respectively. Sulfluramid (insecticide) and glyphosate (herbicide) were not found. In general, it is possible to reduce from 30 to 12 variables that should be monitored for prediction of water quality, maintaining at least 70% of the precision of the estimates. The evaluation of these key variables allows establishing an adequate monitoring system of water quality considering the eucalyptus forestry activities.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to identify eucalyptus clones for the production of sawed timber based on dendrometric variables and longitudinal residual deformation (LRD), analyzing the correlation between these characteristics. 20 Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla clones with 13 years of age were analyzed. The crown size, diameter at breast height (DBH) and bark thickness were measured. There was a significant difference between the clones for DBH, LRD and bark thickness. There was no significant correlation between DBH and DRL. The correlation was significant between DBH and crown size, its being possible to affirm that crown size affects the diametrical growth of trees. DBH and bark thickness were also significantly correlated, in so far as trees with a wider diameter possess thicker bark. It was possible to select clones with better potential for sawed timber production, that is to say, elevated DBH with a reduced LRD.